Team ICO was a Japanese video game development studio led by game designer Fumito Ueda. It was part of Sony Interactive Entertainment Japan Studio's Product Development Department #1, and had developed the games Ico and Shadow of the Colossus, both for the PlayStation 2. The team was also initially responsible for The Last Guardian before Ueda's departure in 2011 and the formation of a new company taking over development in 2014. Their games are frequently cited as examples of art in video games. Fumito Ueda currently works at genDESIGN, a studio he founded in 2014.

Sony Interactive Entertainment Japan Studio is a Japanese first-party video game production and development arm of the parent company Sony Interactive Entertainment, most well known for the Ape Escape, LocoRoco, Patapon, Gravity Rush, and Knack series, among other titles. Some of the studios that were part of SIE Japan Studios were: Polys Entertainment (Gran Turismo), Team Asobi (Astro Bot), Team Ico (Ico and Shadow of the Colossus, closed) and Project Siren (Siren and Gravity Rush, merged into Bokeh Game Studios). In a statement, Sony stated that, as of 1 April 2021, Japan Studio would be re-centered around Team Asobi to build on the popularity of Astro's Playroom.

genDESIGN is a creative studio founded by visionary director Fumito Ueda and a team of veteran developers who originally led the creation of the iconic titles Ico and Shadow of the Colossus. Established to prioritize artistic creativity and innovative game design, the studio handled all creative development for the critically acclaimed 2016 title The Last Guardian.